13. THE POSITION OF THE ṢAḤĀBAH
(6)
Besides the
Qur’ān, the Prophet (ﷺ) also mentioned the merits of his ṣaḥābah, the muhājirīn and the anṣār.
Among them are as follows:
عَنِ الْبَرَاءَ قَالَ , قَال النَّبِيُ ﷺ الأنْصَارُ لاَ يُحِبُّهُمْ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ
وَلاَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ إِلاَّ مُنَافِقٌ, مَنْ أَحَبَّهُمْ أَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ
أَبْغَضَهُ اللَّهُ
(رواه البخاري و مسلم و الترمذي و أحمد)
Narrated
al-Barrā’ r.a., the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “None
loves
the Anṣār (Supporters) but a believer, and none
hates
them but a hypocrite. So Allah will love him who
loves
them, and He will hate him who hates them
(Reported by al-Bukhārī, Muslim,
al-Tirmidhī, and Aḥmad)
عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ أَتْبَاعٌ وَإِنَّا
قَدْ اتَّبَعْنَاكَ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ
أَتْبَاعَنَا مِنَّا فَدَعَا بِهِ (رواه البخاري)
Narrated Zayd ibn Arqam: The Anṣār said, "Every
nation
has his
followers and we have followed you, so
invoke
Allah
to let our followers be considered from us (as
Ansar
like ourselves)." So the Prophet (ﷺ) invoked
Allah
accordingly (Reported by al-Bukhārī)
عَنْ أَنَس قَالَ أُوصِيكُمْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ فَإِنَّهُمْ
كَرِشِي وَعَيْبَتِي وَقَدْ قَضَوْا الَّذِي عَلَيْهِمْ
وَبَقِيَ الَّذِي لَهُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ
وَتَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ (رواه البخاري)
Narrated Anas that the Messenger of Allah said: “I
request you to take care of the Anṣār, as they are my near companions to whom I
confided my private
secrets. They have fulfilled their obligations and rights which were enjoined
on them but there remains what is for them. So, accept the good (deeds) of the
good-doers amongst them and excuse the wrong-doers amongst them. (Reported by al-Bukhārī)
عَنْ أَبِي حُميد عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ خَيْرَ دُورِ الْأَنْصَارِ
دَارُ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ ثُمَّ عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ
ثُمَّ دَارُ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ ثُمَّ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَفِي
كُلِّ دُورِ الْأَنْصَارِ خَيْرٌ فَلَحِقَنَا سَعْدُ
بْنُ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ أَبَا أُسَيْدٍ أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ
رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
خَيَّرَ الْأَنْصَارَ فَجَعَلَنَا أَخِيرًا فَأَدْرَكَ سَعْدٌ
النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ خُيِّرَ دُورُ الْأَنْصَارِ فَجُعِلْنَا
آخِرًا فَقَالَ أَوَلَيْسَ بِحَسْبِكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونُوا
مِنْ الْخِيَارِ (رواه البخاري)
Narrated Abu Ḥumayd:The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The best
of the
Ansar's families (homes) are those of Banu An-Najjar
and then
(those of) Banu 'Abdul Ashhal, then (those of) Banu al-Ḥārith bin Al-Khazraj
and then (those of) Banū Sā‘idah; nevertheless, there is good in all the
families (houses) of the Anṣār." On this, Sa‘d (bin ‘Ubādah) followed us
and said, "O
Abū Usayd! Don’t youI see that the Prophet (ﷺ) compared the Anṣār and made us the last of them in
ssuperiority?” Then Sa‘d met the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: “O Messenger of Allah! In comparing the Anṣar
families as to the degree of superiority, you have made us the last of them.”
Then he replied: “Isn’t
it
sufficient that you are regarded amongst the best?” (Reported by al-Bukhārī)
The
above ḥadīths indicate that the Prophet (ﷺ) lovedthe ṣaḥābah in general, and the Anṣār
in particular.
عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا
انَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ
كَانَ يَأْخُذُهُ وَالْحَسَنَ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ
أَحِبَّهُمَا فَإِنِّي أُحِبُّهُمَا (رواه البخاري)
Narrated Usāmah ibn Zayd
r.a. that the Prophet (ﷺ)
used to
take him (i.e., Usāmah) and al-Ḥasan (in his lap)
and
say: “O Allah! Love them, as I love them.”
(Reported
by al-Bukhārī)
The above ḥadīth indicates that the Prophet (ﷺ) ’s love for these young ṣaḥābah.
عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ رَأَى
النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النِّسَاءَ وَالصِّبْيَانَ
مُقْبِلِينَ قَالَ حَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مِنْ
عُرُسٍ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُمْثِلًا
فَقَالَ
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتُمْ مِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثَ مِرَارٍ(رواه البخاري)
Narrated Anas r.a. the Prophet
(ﷺ) saw the
women and
children (of the Anṣār) coming forward (the
sub-narrator)
said, I think that Anas said, “They were
returning from a wedding party”) the Prophet (ﷺ) stood up and said
thrice,
“By Allah! You are from the most beloved
people to mel” (Reported by al-Bukhārī)
عَنْ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
بَعَثَهُ عَلَى جَيْشِ ذَاتِ السُّلَاسِلِ فَأَتَيْتُهُ
فَقُلْتُ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ
عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ مِنْ الرِّجَالِ فَقَالَ أَبُوهَا
قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ بْنُ
الْخَطَّابِ
فَعَدَّ رِجَالًا (رواه البخاري ومسلم)
Narrated ‘Amr ibn al-‘Āṣ
r.a. the Prophet (ﷺ) deputed
me to
lead the army of Dhāt al-Salāsil. I came to him and
said, “Who is the most beloved person to you?”
He said, “’Ā’ishah,” I Asked, “Among the men?” He said, “Her
father.”
I said, “Who then?” He said, ‘’Umar ibn
al-Khaṭṭāb,” He then names other men.
(Reported by al-Bukhārī and Muslim)
This ḥadīth indicates
the high position of Abū Bakr, then ‘Umar among the ṣaḥābah, and among
women, Ā’ishah.
عَنْ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ
رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَعِدَ
أُحُدًا
وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ
وَعُثْمَانُ فَرَجَفَ بِهِمْ فَقَالَ اثْبُتْ أُحُدُ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ نَبِيٌّ وَصِدِّيقٌ وَشَهِيدَانِ (رواه
البخاري وأبو داؤد والترمذي والنسائي)
Narrated
Anas bin Malik: The Prophet (ﷺ) ascended
the
mountain of Uhud and he was accompanied by Abu
Bakr, 'Umar and 'Uthman. The mountain shook
beneath
them. The Prophet (ﷺ) hit it with his foot and said,
"O Uḥud! Be firm, for on you there is
none but a prophet,
a Siddiq and two martyrs. (Reported
by al-Bukhārī,
Abū Dā’ūd, al-Tirmidhī, and al-Nasā’ī)
This ḥadīth indicates the high position of Abū
Bakr, ‘Umar and ‘Uthmān, whereas the last two would be martyrs, among the ṣaḥābah.
عَنْ ابْنِ
عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
قَالَ لَوْ كُنْتُ
مُتَّخِذًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي خَلِيلًا لَاتَّخَذْتُ
أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَلَكِنْ أَخِي وَصَاحِبِي (رواه البخاري)
Narrated ibn ‘Abbās r.a. the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
If I
were to take a khalīl (a bosom friend) among
my
followers I would have taken Abū Bakr, but
he is my brother and my companion (in
Islam) (Reported by
al-Bukhārī)
عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ قَالَ أَتَتْ امْرَأَةٌ
النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَهَا
أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَتْ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ
جِئْتُ وَلَمْ أَجِدْكَ كَأَنَّهَا تَقُولُ الْمَوْتَ قَالَ
صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدِينِي
فَأْتِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ (رواه البخاري)
Narrated
Jubayr ibn Muṭ‘im: A woman came to the
Prophet (ﷺ) who ordered her to return to him again.
She
said, "What if I came and did not find you?" as if she
wanted
to say, "If I found you dead?" The Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "If you should not find me, go to
Abu Bakr."
(Reported
by al-Bukhārī)
The
above two ḥadīths indicate the special position of Abū Bakr.
عَنْ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ قَدْ تَخَلَّفَ
عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خَيْبَرَ
وَكَانَ
بِهِ رَمَدٌ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَتَخَلَّفُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ فَخَرَجَ
عَلِيٌّ فَلَحِقَ بِالنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مَسَاءُ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي فَتَحَهَا
اللَّهُ فِي صَبَاحِهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ أَوْ
لَيَأْخُذَنَّ الرَّايَةَ غَدًا رَجُلًا يُحِبُّهُ
اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَوْ قَالَ يُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَفْتَحُ
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا نَحْنُ بِعَلِيٍّ وَمَا
نَرْجُوهُ فَقَالُوا هَذَا عَلِيٌّ فَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ
اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الرَّايَةَ
فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
(رواه
البخاري)
Narrated Salamah: Ali happened to stay behind the Prophet (ﷺ) and (did not join him) during the battle
of Khaybar for
he was
having eye trouble. Then he said, "How could I remain behind Allah's Messenger?"
So 'Ali set out following the Prophet (ﷺ). When it was the eve of the day in the morning of which
Allah
helped (the Muslims) to conquer it, Allah's Messenger said, "I will give
the flag (to a man), or tomorrow a man
whom Allah and His Messenger love will take
the flag," or
said, "A man who loves Allah and His Messenger;
and Allah
will grant victory under his leadership.
"Suddenly came
'Ali whom we did not expect. The people said,
"This is
'Ali." Allah's Messenger gave him the
flag and Allah
granted
victory under his leadership.
(Reported
by al-Bukhārī)
The
above ḥadīth indicates the special position of ‘Ali.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقَدْ كَانَ
فِيمَا
قَبْلَكُمْ مِنْ الْأُمَمِ مُحَدَّثُونَ فَإِنْ يَكُ فِي أُمَّتِي أَحَدٌ فَإِنَّهُ
عُمَرُ (رواه البخاري)
Narrated Abū
Hurayrah r.a.: The Prophet (ﷺ) said,
“Among the nation of
Banī Isrā’īl who lived before you,
there were men who used to be inspired with
guidance,
and if there is any
of such persons amongst my
followers, it is ‘Umar (Reported by al-Bukhārī)
The above ḥadīth indicates that
‘Umar was inspired with guidance, as said by the Prophetﷺ) ).
عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَالَ
عُمَرُ وَافَقْتُ رَبِّي فِي ثَلَاثٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ اتَّخَذْنَا
مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى فَنَزَلَتْ” وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى… "
وَآيَةُ ا لْحِجَابِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ نِسَاءَكَ أَنْ يَحْتَجِبْنَ
فَإِنَّهُ يُكَلِّمُهُنَّ
الْبَرُّ وَالْفَاجِرُ
فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْحِجَابِ, وَاجْتَمَعَ نِسَاءُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْغَيْرَةِ
عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُنَّ عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ
أَنْ يُبَدِّلَهُ أَزْوَاجًا
خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ
(رواه البخاري و أحمد)
Narrated Anas that ‘Umar
said, “I have agreed with my Lord
in
three things: I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I wish we took
the maqān Ibrahim as muṣallā,’ then it was revealed
“and
take
you the maqam of Ibrāhīm as a place of prayer”
[Q. 2:125] and the verse dealing with ḥijāb, I
said, ‘O Messsenger of Allah, I wish you ordered your wives to
wear ḥijāb, as good and bad people talked to
them,’ then
the
verse about the ḥijāb was revealed, and the wives of
the Prophet (ﷺ) agreed
in their solicitude for him, so
I said to them, ‘It may be if he divorced you [all] that
his Lord would
give him instead of you, wives better
than you,’ then
the verse about it was revealed
(Reported by al-Bukhārī and Aḥmad).[1]
These are
some ḥadīths indicating the high position of the Prophet’s ṣaḥābah, either
the Muhājirīn or the Anṣār, with or without mentioning them by
names or tribes.
(CIVIC, 2 December, 2016)
المراجع:
المكتبة الشاملة
تفسير الطبري (ت. 310 هـ(
تفسير القرطبى (ت. 671 هـ(
تفسير ابن كثير (ت. 774 هـ(
Dr. Muhammad
M. Khan. Summarized Sahīh Al-Bukhāri
http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vb/showthread.php?t=220909
http://www.alaalsayid.com/index.php?artid=2644
http://montada.echoroukonline.com/archive/index.php/t-280449.html
http://i-cias.com/textarchive/bukhari/058.htm
[1] There is a story that a man in pre-Islamic
Arabia had a son who was slow in speaking in poetry, even when he had reached
the age of 12. His father wanted him to start talking in poetry. So, he made
him very thirsty and sent him to the desert accompanied by a young man carrying
a jar of water. When they reached the desert the young man broke the jar in
front of the boy, and the water ran to the earth. Seeing it, the boy start
saying in poetry: كسر الجرة عمدا وسقا الأرض شرابا * قلت والأصنام
دين يا ليتني كنت ترابا “He broke
the jar on purpose and he watered the earth as a drink. I said while
[worshiping] idols is [my] religion, I wish I would have been dust.” The
term يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا
“I wish I would have been dust”
was found in Q. 78:40. He was then the first one who cited this verse before it
was revealed. See http://www.alaalsayid.com/index. php?artid=2644.
In another story, Abū Nuwās when he met suddenly the Caliph Hārūn
al-Rashīd he threw the jar of wine he had to the ground and became broken. The
Caliph would forgive him if he cited poetry about it. Then he cited: كسر الجرة عمدا وسقا الأرض شرابا * قلت
والإسلام ديني يا ليتني كنت ترابا
“He broke the jar on purpose and he watered the earth as a drink. I
said while Islam is my religion, I wish I would have been dust.” See, http://montada. echoroukonline.com/archive/index.php/t-280449.html. Another view
is that Ibn al-Damāmīnī saw a broken jar, then cited: كسروا الجرة عمدا ملؤوا الأرض شرابا * قلت والإسلام
ديني يا ليتني كنت ترابا “They broke the jar on purpose and they filled the earth as a drink. I said while Islam is
my religion, I wish I would have been dust.” See, http://al-hakawati. net/arabic/ Civilizations/
book292a7. asp
No comments:
Post a Comment